Объективное¶

Объективное¶

В противоположность субъективному означает существующий вне человеческого сознания и независимо от него.

Одна из основных разновидностей идеализма, однако, признаёт якобы объективное существование некоей идеальной субстанции, находящейся вне человеческого сознания и порождающую в своём развитии материальный мир. Таков, например, «объективный» идеализм Гегеля (см.). На самом деле, конечно, таких идей не существует. «Объективная» идея, независимая от людей, от природы, от человеческого сознания, есть выдумка идеалистов, проповедь фидеизма. Всякая идея создаётся человеком, человеческим сознанием. В противовес идеализму материализм учит, что идеи являются отражением объективно существующего внешнего мира, природы.

Objective¶

Pertaining to an object or determined by it. As applied to real objects, this concept means that objects, their properties and relations, exist outside and independent of man. As applied to ideas, concepts or judgements, it indicates the source of our knowledge, its material basis. Subjective dialectics reflects objective dialectics.

Recognition of objective truth underlies the materialist theory of knowledge. Proof of objective significance is obtained by comparing the idea or theory with the object of thought in the process of practical use of the object or of changing reality in conformity with the idea or theory.

Objectiveness¶

A concept denoting a phenomenon, action, state, etc., is connected with objects or is (becomes) itself an object; the being of something as an object, that is, real existence. For example, it is possible to speak of the objective (or material, which in this case is the same) characteristic of practical activity, since in this process men are engaged with objects and create objects as a result of that activity; one may speak of the objectiveness of the reflection of reality by man, that is, of the presence in the human mind of an objective content, inasmuch as that content is the reflection of objects of the material world, etc.

Recognition of man's objectiveness, his activity, the content of his consciousness, etc., distinguishes materialist from idealist philosophy. True, Hegel used the term "objectiveness". But with him objectiveness was merely the product (alienation) of the absolute spirit at certain stages of its development and must be removed, set aside, by the recognition of the fact that every objectiveness is the other being of the spirit, the concept, the idea.