СОЛОВЬЁВ ВЛАДИМИР

Solovyov Vladimir Sergeyevich (1853–1900)

Russian idealist philosopher, theologian, and poet. Graduated from Moscow University (1873). His views were greatly influenced by Christian literature and also the ideas of Buddhism, Neo-Platonism and other philosophico-religious systems. Solovyov was especially close to the Slavophiles. The idea of the "oneness of being" which by its nature is unconditional and absolute is central in his doctrine. Ultimately, the "oneness of being" is defined by Solovyov as the sphere of the divine, while the real world, as its embodiment. Truth ("oneness of being") can be cognised neither rationally nor empirically; it is conceived only by "integral" knowledge based on mystical knowledge: faith in the unconditional existence of the object; mental contemplation (or imagination) which gives a true idea of the object: creation (or realisation of this idea in experiment). As for "integral" knowledge, it is a synthesis of the mystical, rational (philosophical) and empirical (scientific) knowledge. From this Solovyov deduced the unity of theology, philosophy and science and called it the "free theosophy".

In society the idea of "oneness of being" reveals itself as the voluntary spiritual union of people ("free theocracy"), or as the church which determines the absolute aims of society—the establishment of a "kingdom of God" on earth where all social contradictions will be resolved. A "free theocracy" can result from a merger of the Western (Catholic) and Eastern (Orthodox) Christian churches within the framework of a monarchy; in this respect a "special role" belongs to the Russian people. According to Solovyov, the main purpose of philosophy is to justify the socio-religious ideal and, therefore, it must serve theology. Solovyov also based ethics on religion. The poetry and aesthetics of Solovyov became one of the ideological well-springs of Russian symbolism. The unscientific theory of Solovyov which reflected the interests of the reactionary circles of the bourgeoisie and the nobility exerted a great influence on Russian idealist-religious philosophy at the turn of the century (See Berdyayev, Trubetskoi, and others).

Main works: Kritika Otvlechonnykh Nachal (Critique of Abstract Principles), 1880; Chteniya O Bogochelovechestve (Lectures of Man-God), 1877–81; Istoriya i Budushchnost Teokratii (History and Future of Theocracy), 1885–87; Rossiya i Vselenskaya Tserkov (Russia and the Oecumenical Church), 1889; Opravdaniye Dobra (Justification of Good), 1897–99.

Соловьёв

Юрий Владимирович (10.8.1940, Ленинград, - 12.1.1977, там же), советский артист балета, народный артист СССР (1973). В 1958 окончил Ленинградское хореографическое училище (класс Б. В. Шаврова) и принят в труппу Театра оперы и балета им. С. М. Кирова (Ленинград). Партии: Зигфрид («Лебединое озеро» Чайковского), Альберт («Жизель» Адана), Солор («Баядерка» Минкуса), Ферхад («Легенда о любви» Меликова), Бог («Сотворение мира» Петрова) и др. Премия В. Ф. Нижинского Парижской академии танца (1963), Золотая звезда Международного фестиваля танца в Париже (1965).