ГЁДЕЛЬ КУРТ
Gödel Kurt (1906–1978)
Austrian logician and mathematician; resolved many key problems in mathematical logic. Associated with the University of Vienna in the 1930s, moved to the United States in 1940.
Gödel proved (1931) the incompleteness of the formal systems, for example, those assuming the formalisation of the arithmetic of natural numbers. Such systems, he showed, invariably contained propositions which, within their own framework, were both unprovable and undeniable. Gödel's exposition stimulated research in the limitations of the formal systems by Alonzo Church, Stephen Cole Kleene, Tarski, A. Mostowski, P. Novikov, and others, which culminated in the fundamental philosophical deduction that complete formalisation of scientific knowledge is impossible.
Gödel also devoted himself to metamathematics, constructive logic, the theory of recursive functions, etc. In the 1930s, Gödel's philosophical views were strongly influenced by neo-positivism; subsequently, he came to oppose subjectivism.
Гёдель
(Gödel)
Курт [р. 28.4.1906, Брюнн (Брно)], австрийский логик и математик. В 1933-38 приват-доцент Венского университета. В 1940 эмигрировал в США; с 1953 профессор института перспективных исследований в Принстоне. Основные труды в области математической логики, и множеств теории.
Лит.: Клини С. К., Введение в метаматематику, пер. с англ., М., 1957 (библ.); Нагель Э., Ньюмен Д. P., Теорема Гёделя, пер. с англ., М., 1970.