ФРЕГЕ ГОТЛОБ

Frege Gottlob (1848–1925)

German logician, mathematician, and philosopher, professor of Jena University from 1879 to 1918. His works opened a new stage in mathematical logic. Frege for the first time effected the axiomatic construction of the logic of propositions and predicates and laid the basis for proof theory. In his two-volumed Grundgesetze der Arithmetik, published in 1893 and 1903, he built up a system of formalised arithmetic aiming to demonstrate the idea that all mathematics is reducible to logic (see Logicism). The subsequent development of logic is largely connected with the development of Frege's legacy, in particular with overcoming the contradiction discovered in his system.

Frege was opposed to the subjectivist "psychological" trend of logic. His views of logic are stamped by elements of materialism. At the same time Frege's treatment of the problem of the universal contained features of objective idealism in the spirit of Plato. He voiced a number of ideas and concepts which entered contemporary science: interpretation of the concept as a logical function, the concept of the values of truth, introduction of quantifiers, analysis of the concept of the variable, etc. Frege is the founder of that part of logical semantics which is connected with the concepts of denotation and meaning, linguistic expressions, and the relation of designation (or name).

Фреге

(Frege)

Готлоб (8.11.1848, Висмар, - 26.7.1925, Бад-Клейнен), немецкий логик. Окончил университет в Йене (1873), в 1879-1918 профессор там же. Главное сочинение - «Основные законы арифметики» (т. 1-2, 1893-1903), где он предложил систему формализованной арифметики на основе разработанного им расширенного исчисления предикатов, имея в виду обосновать идею о сводимости математики к логике (см. Логицизм).

Лит.: Бирюков Б. В., О работах Фреге по философским вопросам математики, в сборнике: Философские вопросы естествознания, в. 2, М., 1959; Стяжкин Н. И., Формирование математической логики, М., 1967 (лит.).